GeriQBank · Topic
Theories of ageing, demography, health promotion and prevention.
Set twice
Primary source: Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine, 6th ed. — Ch. 1 "A Biological Perspective of Ageing" and Ch. 2 "Physiology of Ageing". Ageing is a failure to maintain homeostasis under physiological stress. It is…
Primary source: Pathy's 6th ed. — Ch. 1, Ch. 13 (anorexia of ageing), Ch. 14 (weight loss); supplemented by Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics (Ch. 1). Caloric restriction (CR) means reducing caloric intake without depriving essential…
Primary source: Pathy's 6th ed. — Ch. 4 (Social and Community Aspects of Ageing), Ch. 7, Ch. 9, Ch. 11; supplemented by Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics. WHO defines active ageing as "the process of optimising opportunities for health,…
Set once
Ageing is now accepted to be a multifactorial process; extended longevity is consistently associated with enhanced metabolic capacity and stress response. Genetics matters — each species has a characteristic longevity — but heritability…
Primary source: Pathy's 6th ed. — Ch. 1, Ch. 2, Ch. 7 "Physical Fitness and Exercise". A biomarker of ageing is a measurable parameter reflecting biological age rather than chronological age, which predicts adverse outcomes in late…
Primary source: Pathy's 6th ed. — Ch. 1, Ch. 2, Ch. 42 (respiratory ageing); supplemented by Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences capping the ends of chromosomes, protecting coding DNA from…
Primary source: Pathy's 6th ed. — Ch. 1; supplemented by Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics (Ch. 1, Theories of Aging). Sirtuins are a family of NAD+ dependent enzymes with histone deacetylase activity — the mammalian homologues of the…
Primary source: Pathy's 6th ed. — Ch. 1, Ch. 2, Ch. 22 (anaemia), Ch. 28 & 36 (cardiovascular), Ch. 43 (respiratory infection). IL-6 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages, T cells, endothelium, adipocytes and skeletal…
Primary source: Pathy's 6th ed. — Ch. 1, Ch. 2, Ch. 7, Ch. 9; supplemented by Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics. Geroscience hypothesis: the accumulation of diseases and loss of function with ageing is driven by common biological…
Primary source: Pathy's 6th ed. — Ch. 1, Ch. 7, Ch. 9, Ch. 12–14 (nutrition); supplemented by Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics (Ch. 5, Prevention). WHO defines healthy ageing as the process of developing and maintaining the functional…
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Source: Pathy's 6th ed., Chapter 2 (Physiology of ageing), Chapter 6 (Ageing of the brain, Table 6.2) and Chapter 44 (Neurological signs of ageing, Table 44.1); Essentials of Clinical Geriatrics 7th ed., Chapter 6 (Table 6-7). Cellular…